問題描述

std::map<std::string, std::string> myMap;

std::map<std::string, std::string>::iterator i = m_myMap.find(some_key_string);
if(i == m_imagesMap.end())
    return NULL;

string *p = &i->first;

最后一行有效嗎?我想將此指針 p 存儲在其他地方，它對整個程序生命周期都有效嗎?但是如果我向這個映射添加更多元素(使用其他唯一鍵)或刪除一些其他鍵會發(fā)生什么，它會不會重新分配這個字符串(鍵值對)，所以 p 將變得無效?

Is the last line valid? I want to store this pointer p somewhere else, will it be valid for the whole program life? But what will happen if I add some more elements to this map (with other unique keys) or remove some other keys, won’t it reallocate this string (key-value pair), so the p will become invalid?

推薦答案

首先保證地圖穩(wěn)定；即迭代器不會因元素插入或刪除而失效(當然被刪除的元素除外).

First, maps are guaranteed to be stable; i.e. the iterators are not invalidated by element insertion or deletion (except the element being deleted of course).

然而，迭代器的穩(wěn)定性并不能保證指針的穩(wěn)定性！盡管大多數(shù)實現(xiàn)通常會使用指針 - 至少在某種程度上 - 來實現(xiàn)迭代器(這意味著假設您的解決方案可以工作是非常安全的)，您真正應該存儲的是迭代器本身.

However, stability of iterator does not guarantee stability of pointers! Although it usually happens that most implementations use pointers - at least at some level - to implement iterators (which means it is quite safe to assume your solution will work), what you should really store is the iterator itself.

您可以做的是創(chuàng)建一個小對象，例如:

What you could do is create a small object like:

struct StringPtrInMap
{
  typedef std::map<string,string>::iterator iterator;
  StringPtrInMap(iterator i) : it(i) {}
  const string& operator*() const { return it->first; }
  const string* operator->() const { return &it->first; }
  iterator it;
}

然后存儲它而不是字符串指針.

And then store that instead of a string pointer.

這篇關于std::map，指向映射鍵值的指針，這可能嗎?的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網(wǎng)！