問題描述

我是開發新手，尤其是單元測試新手.我想我的要求很簡單，但我很想知道其他人對此的想法.

I am a newbie to development and to unit tests in particular . I guess my requirement is pretty simple, but I am keen to know others thoughts on this.

假設我有兩個這樣的課程 -

Suppose I have two classes like so -

public class First {

    Second second ;

    public First(){
        second = new Second();
    }

    public String doSecond(){
        return second.doSecond();
    }
}

class Second {

    public String doSecond(){
        return "Do Something";
    }
}

假設我正在編寫單元測試來測試 First.doSecond() 方法.但是，假設我想像這樣模擬 Second.doSecond() 類.我正在使用 Mockito 來做到這一點.

Let's say I am writing unit test to test First.doSecond() method. However, suppose, i want to Mock Second.doSecond() class like so. I am using Mockito to do this.

public void testFirst(){
    Second sec = mock(Second.class);
    when(sec.doSecond()).thenReturn("Stubbed Second");

    First first = new First();
    assertEquals("Stubbed Second", first.doSecond());
}

我看到模擬沒有生效并且斷言失敗.有沒有辦法模擬我要測試的類的成員變量.?

I am seeing that the mocking does not take effect and the assertion fails. Is there no way to mock the member variables of a class that I want to test . ?

推薦答案

你需要提供一種訪問成員變量的方法，這樣你就可以傳入一個 mock(最常見的方法是 setter 方法或構造函數一個參數).

You need to provide a way of accessing the member variables so you can pass in a mock (the most common ways would be a setter method or a constructor which takes a parameter).

如果您的代碼未提供執行此操作的方法，則它被錯誤地考慮為 TDD(測試驅動開發).

If your code doesn't provide a way of doing this, it's incorrectly factored for TDD (Test Driven Development).

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