問題描述
我需要解密我從服務器接收到的一些數據,制作 API 的程序員將我引導到這個 Encrypter 類,看看他用來加密什么.
現在基于該類,我發現使用的算法是 AES128 CBC,并且我收到的字符串是 Base64 編碼的,并且包含其他數據,而不僅僅是密文.
即如果我收到以下字符串:
<預> <代碼> eyJpdiI6InJsSzRlU3pDZTBBUVNwMzdXMjVcL0tBPT0iLCJ2YWx1ZSI6Ik5JOENsSVVWaWk2RGNhNlwvWjJNeG94UzVkclwvMGJOREQreWUyS1UzclRMND0iLCJtYWMiOiJhZTZkYjNkNGM2ZTliNmU0ZTc0MTRiNDBmMzFlZTJhNTczZWIxMjk4N2YwMjlhODA1NTIyMDEzODljNDY2OTk2In0base64 解碼后我得到:
{iv":rlK4eSzCe0AQSp37W25/KA==",值":NI8ClIUVii6Dca6/Z2MxoxS5dr/0bNDD+ye2KU3rTL4=",mac":"ae6db3d4c6e9b6e4e7414b40f31ee2a573eb12987f029a80552201389c466996"}
基于 Encrypter
類的 line 99
( iv = base64_decode($payload['iv']);
),我執行了另一個在 iv
和 value
上進行 base64 解碼,得到長度為 16 的 iv
.我將這些作為參數傳遞給下面的函數:
public static String decrypt(String iv, String encryptedData) 拋出異常 {byte[] keyValue = "zy2dEd1pKG5i3WuWbvOBolFQR84AYbvN".getBytes();Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv.getBytes()));byte[] decordedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes(), Base64.DEFAULT);字節[] decValue = c.doFinal(decordedValue);返回新字符串(decValue);}
但我收到以下錯誤:
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException:預期的 IV 長度為 1610-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLCipher.engineInitInternal(OpenSSLCipher.java:281)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLCipher.engineInit(OpenSSLCipher.java:323)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:751)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:701)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 com.example.kushtrim.testproject.MainActivity.decrypt(MainActivity.java:62)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 com.example.kushtrim.testproject.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:45)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5990)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1106)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2278)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2387)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151)10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5254)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/?W/System.err:在 com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
注意:字符串 iv
的長度為 16,但 iv.getBytes()
返回一個長度為 26 的數組.
誰能指出我哪里出錯了,我該如何解決.謝謝/
編輯
評論后,我做了一些更改,解決了上述錯誤:
在我對 iv
進行 base64 解碼之前,將字節轉換為字符串,然后將該字符串傳遞給解密方法,該方法反過來調用它的 getBytes().不知何故,這使得字節數組的長度為 26.
將我base64解碼后得到的字節數組發送到decrypt方法解決了問題.
現在方法如下:
public static String decrypt(byte[] iv, String encryptedData) 拋出異常 {byte[] keyValue = "zy2dEd1pKG5i3WuWbvOBolFQR84AYbvN".getBytes();Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));byte[] decordedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes(), Base64.DEFAULT);字節[] decValue = c.doFinal(decordedValue);返回新字符串(decValue);}
現在我又遇到了一個奇怪的問題:
我首先加密的文本是 KushtrimPacaj
,但解密后的文本是 s:13:"KushtrimPacaj";
.那另一部分是從哪里來的?13或許代表KushtrimPacaj
的長度?
編輯
這是工作代碼,以防萬一有人需要它:
https://gist.github.com/KushtrimPacaj/43a383ab419fc222f80e
可以在padAndMcrypt()
函數,即給定的 $value 使用 PHP 的 serialize()
函數.你可以重新實現 unserialize() 函數,或者如果您總是在 PHP 中加密字符串,您可以自己拆分字節數組.
int firstQuoteIndex = 0;while(decValue[firstQuoteIndex] != (byte)'"') firstQuoteIndex++;return new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(decValue, firstQuoteIndex + 1, decValue.length-2));
完整代碼:
public static String decrypt(byte[] keyValue, String ivValue, String encryptedData) 拋出異常 {Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");byte[] iv = Base64.decode(ivValue.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);byte[] decodedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);密碼 c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");//或 PKCS5Paddingc.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decodedValue);int firstQuoteIndex = 0;while(decValue[firstQuoteIndex] != (byte)'"') firstQuoteIndex++;return new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(decValue, firstQuoteIndex + 1, decValue.length-2));}
驗證 MAC 始終是一個好主意,因為它可以防止一些攻擊,例如填充預言攻擊.這也是一種很好的檢測密文一般修改的方法.
帶有 MAC 驗證的完整代碼:
public static String decrypt(byte[] keyValue, String ivValue, String encryptedData, String macValue) 拋出異常 {Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");byte[] iv = Base64.decode(ivValue.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);byte[] decodedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);SecretKeySpec macKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "HmacSHA256");Mac hmacSha256 = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");hmacSha256.init(macKey);hmacSha256.update(ivValue.getBytes("UTF-8"));byte[] calcMac = hmacSha256.doFinal(encryptedData.getBytes("UTF-8"));byte[] mac = Hex.decodeHex(macValue.toCharArray());if (!secureEquals(calcMac, mac))返回空值;//或拋出異常密碼 c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");//或 PKCS5Paddingc.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decodedValue);int firstQuoteIndex = 0;while(decValue[firstQuoteIndex] != (byte)'"') firstQuoteIndex++;return new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(decValue, firstQuoteIndex + 1, decValue.length-2));}/* 恒定時間比較以防止對無效身份驗證標簽的定時攻擊.*/公共靜態布爾secureEquals(最終字節[]已知,最終字節[]用戶){int knownLen = known.length;int userLen = user.length;int 結果 = knownLen ^ userLen;for (int i = 0; i < knownLen; i++) {結果 |= 已知[i] ^ 用戶[i % userLen];}返回結果 == 0;}
I need to decrypt some data that I receive from the server, and the programmer who made the API directed me to this Encrypter class, to see what he used to encrypt.
Now based on that class, I found that the algorithm used is AES128 CBC, and that the string I receive is Base64 encoded and contains other data, not just the ciphertext.
Namely that if I receive the following String:
eyJpdiI6InJsSzRlU3pDZTBBUVNwMzdXMjVcL0tBPT0iLCJ2YWx1ZSI6Ik5JOENsSVVWaWk2RGNhNlwvWjJNeG94UzVkclwvMGJOREQreWUyS1UzclRMND0iLCJtYWMiOiJhZTZkYjNkNGM2ZTliNmU0ZTc0MTRiNDBmMzFlZTJhNTczZWIxMjk4N2YwMjlhODA1NTIyMDEzODljNDY2OTk2In0
after base64 decoding I get:
{"iv":"rlK4eSzCe0AQSp37W25/KA==","value":"NI8ClIUVii6Dca6/Z2MxoxS5dr/0bNDD+ye2KU3rTL4=","mac":"ae6db3d4c6e9b6e4e7414b40f31ee2a573eb12987f029a80552201389c466996"}
Based on line 99
of Encrypter
class ( iv = base64_decode($payload['iv']);
), I performed another base64 decode on the iv
and the value
, and got an iv
of length 16. Those I passed as parameters to the function below:
public static String decrypt(String iv, String encryptedData) throws Exception {
byte[] keyValue = "zy2dEd1pKG5i3WuWbvOBolFQR84AYbvN".getBytes();
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");
c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv.getBytes()));
byte[] decordedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes(), Base64.DEFAULT);
byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decordedValue);
return new String(decValue);
}
But I'm getting the following error:
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: expected IV length of 16
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLCipher.engineInitInternal(OpenSSLCipher.java:281)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLCipher.engineInit(OpenSSLCipher.java:323)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:751)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:701)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at com.example.kushtrim.testproject.MainActivity.decrypt(MainActivity.java:62)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at com.example.kushtrim.testproject.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:45)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5990)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1106)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2278)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2387)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151)
10-06 19:13:33.601 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5254)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
10-06 19:13:33.602 12895-12895/? W/System.err: at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
Note: The String iv
has length of 16, but iv.getBytes()
returns an array of length 26.
Could someone point me to where I went wrong, and how do I fix it. Thanks/
EDIT
After the comment, I made some changes, that resolved the above error:
Before I was base64 decoding iv
, converting the bytes to String, then passing that String to the decrypt method, which in return called the getBytes() on it. Somehow this made the byte array have a length of 26.
Sending the byte array I obtained after base64 decoding to the decrypt method fixed the problem.
Now the method is as follows:
public static String decrypt(byte[] iv, String encryptedData) throws Exception {
byte[] keyValue = "zy2dEd1pKG5i3WuWbvOBolFQR84AYbvN".getBytes();
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding");
c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
byte[] decordedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes(), Base64.DEFAULT);
byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decordedValue);
return new String(decValue);
}
Now I have another weird problem:
The text I encrypted on the first place was KushtrimPacaj
, but the decrypted text is s:13:"KushtrimPacaj";
.
Where is that other part coming from ? 13 perhaps represents the length of KushtrimPacaj
?
Edit
Here's the working code, in case anyone needs it :
https://gist.github.com/KushtrimPacaj/43a383ab419fc222f80e
You can see in the padAndMcrypt()
function, that the given $value is serialized using PHP's serialize()
function. You can re-implement the unserialize()
function in Java or you can split the byte array yourself if you're always encrypting strings in PHP.
int firstQuoteIndex = 0;
while(decValue[firstQuoteIndex] != (byte)'"') firstQuoteIndex++;
return new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(decValue, firstQuoteIndex + 1, decValue.length-2));
Full code:
public static String decrypt(byte[] keyValue, String ivValue, String encryptedData) throws Exception {
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");
byte[] iv = Base64.decode(ivValue.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);
byte[] decodedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding"); // or PKCS5Padding
c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decodedValue);
int firstQuoteIndex = 0;
while(decValue[firstQuoteIndex] != (byte)'"') firstQuoteIndex++;
return new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(decValue, firstQuoteIndex + 1, decValue.length-2));
}
Verifying the MAC is always a good idea, because it prevents some attacks such as the padding oracle attack. It is also a very good way to detect general modifications of ciphertexts.
Full code with MAC verification:
public static String decrypt(byte[] keyValue, String ivValue, String encryptedData, String macValue) throws Exception {
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "AES");
byte[] iv = Base64.decode(ivValue.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);
byte[] decodedValue = Base64.decode(encryptedData.getBytes("UTF-8"), Base64.DEFAULT);
SecretKeySpec macKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyValue, "HmacSHA256");
Mac hmacSha256 = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA256");
hmacSha256.init(macKey);
hmacSha256.update(ivValue.getBytes("UTF-8"));
byte[] calcMac = hmacSha256.doFinal(encryptedData.getBytes("UTF-8"));
byte[] mac = Hex.decodeHex(macValue.toCharArray());
if (!secureEquals(calcMac, mac))
return null; // or throw exception
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding"); // or PKCS5Padding
c.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
byte[] decValue = c.doFinal(decodedValue);
int firstQuoteIndex = 0;
while(decValue[firstQuoteIndex] != (byte)'"') firstQuoteIndex++;
return new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(decValue, firstQuoteIndex + 1, decValue.length-2));
}
/* Constant-time compare to prevent timing attacks on invalid authentication tags. */
public static boolean secureEquals(final byte[] known, final byte[] user) {
int knownLen = known.length;
int userLen = user.length;
int result = knownLen ^ userLen;
for (int i = 0; i < knownLen; i++) {
result |= known[i] ^ user[i % userLen];
}
return result == 0;
}
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