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• 瀏覽器/手機檢測有哪些可用的解決方案

getWURFLInfo();if (isset($_GET['ua']) &&trim($_GET['ua'])) {$ua = $_GET['ua'];$requestingDevice = $wurflManager->getDeviceForUserAgent($_GET['ua']);} 別的 {$ua = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];//此行通過查看其 HTTP 請求 ($_SERVER) 來檢測訪問設備$requestingDevice = $wurflManager->getDeviceForHttpRequest($_SERVER);}?><頭><title>WURFL PHP API 示例</title><身體><h3>WURFL XML 信息</h3><ul><li><h4>版本:<?php echo $wurflInfo->version;?></h4></li><div id="內容">用戶代理:<b><?php echo htmlspecialchars($ua);?></b><ul><li>ID: <?php echo $requestingDevice->id;?><li>品牌名稱:<?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('brand_name');?><li>模型名稱:<?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('model_name');?><li>營銷名稱:<?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('marketing_name');?><li>首選標記:<?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('preferred_markup');?><li>分辨率寬度:<?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('resolution_width');?><li>分辨率高度:<?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('resolution_height');?><p><b>通過提供用戶代理來查詢 WURFL:</b></p><form method="get" action="index.php"><div>用戶代理:<input type="text" name="ua" size="100" value="<?php echo isset($_GET['ua'])? htmlspecialchars($_GET['ua']): ''; ?>"/><input type="submit"/></div></表單>

如果要自定義此代碼，請更改 wurfl_config_standard.php 文件中的配置參數.

Modernizr - 服務器 -

Modernizr 是了解用戶瀏覽器的好方法能力.但是，您只能在瀏覽器上訪問其 API本身，這意味著您不能輕易地從了解服務器邏輯中的瀏覽器功能.現代化服務器庫是一種將 Modernizr 瀏覽器數據帶到您的服務器的方法腳本環境.

好:

像 WURFL 非常詳細的檢測，但我們需要考慮到它是為了不同的目的而構建的 WURFL.

糟糕:

僅在 PHP 上支持，但有時這已經足夠了.

示例:

<頭><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Modernizr 服務器示例</title><身體><?phpinclude('modernizr-server.php');打印'服務器知道:';foreach($modernizr as $feature=>$value) {打印 "<br/> $feature: ";打印_r($值)；}?>

• 可以在這里找到:https://github.com/jamesgpearce/modernizr-server

客戶端:

現代化者 -

利用酷炫的網絡新技術非常有趣，直到您必須支持落后的瀏覽器.Modernizr 使你編寫條件 JavaScript 和 CSS 來處理每種情況，瀏覽器是否支持某個功能.非常適合做輕松進行漸進增強.

好:

只有客戶端，服務器端組件不存在

速度快，但對于 12kb 的 javascript 框架來說仍然很大.由于其模塊化，它可以根據您的需要變得更小.

糟糕:

只能做這么多，比服務器端檢測更少的信息.

Modernizr 本身是一種了解用戶瀏覽器功能的好方法.但是，您只能在瀏覽器本身上訪問其 API，這意味著您無法輕松地從服務器邏輯中的瀏覽器功能中獲益.

• 可以在這里找到:http://modernizr.com/

示例:

 <頭><meta charset="utf-8"><title>Modernizr 示例</title><script src="modernizr.min.js"></script><身體><腳本>如果(Modernizr.canvas){//支持的} 別的 {//沒有可用的原生畫布支持:(}

基于 JavaScript 的瀏覽器嗅探

有爭議的是，這可能是(學術上)最糟糕的方式檢測移動設備，但它確實有其優點.

好:

簡單

糟糕:

從哪里開始

示例:

I am creating a phonegap application for various mobile platforms and I was wondering what is a current best solution of browser/mobile phone detection?

Should I go with a server or a client side detection or could I use css solution through a media types screen width?

Changes:

• 06.03.2013 - Addad a few comments inside a WURFL chapter

Intro :

There are few available solutions but I will only name open-source ones, at least solutions mostly used with a jQuery/jQuery Mobile. Also be warned, this topic has the potential to start a war. On one side we have a proponents of server side detection with their community maintained databases and on the other side we have client side advocates with their browser sniffing.

Server side:

WURFL -

Created in 2002, WURFL (Wireless Universal Resource FiLe), is a popular open-source framework to solve the device-fragmentation problem for mobile Web developers and other stakeholders in the mobile ecosystem. WURFL has been and still is the de facto standard device-description repository adopted by mobile developers. WURFL is open source (AGPL v3) and a trademark of ScientiaMobile.

Good :

Very detailed detection, you would probably get more data then is really needed.

Good platform support, api's are available for Java, PHP and .Net.

Bad :

Not always up to date, heavy dependency on community

In case of iPhone there's no way of knowing an iOS version, so media type queries to detect pixel ratios.

Fee only for a non commercial usage, older version are still free for commercial usage but they can only use database updated up to WURFL EULA changes.

• It can be found here: http://wurfl.sourceforge.net/apis.php

PHP example :

<?php
    // Include the configuration file
    include_once './inc/wurfl_config_standard.php';

    $wurflInfo = $wurflManager->getWURFLInfo();

    if (isset($_GET['ua']) && trim($_GET['ua'])) {
        $ua = $_GET['ua'];
        $requestingDevice = $wurflManager->getDeviceForUserAgent($_GET['ua']);
    } else {
        $ua = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];
        // This line detects the visiting device by looking at its HTTP Request ($_SERVER)
        $requestingDevice = $wurflManager->getDeviceForHttpRequest($_SERVER);
    }
?>  
<html>
<head>
    <title>WURFL PHP API Example</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h3>WURFL XML INFO</h3>
    <ul>
        <li><h4>VERSION: <?php echo $wurflInfo->version; ?> </h4></li>
    </ul>
    <div id="content">
        User Agent: <b> <?php echo htmlspecialchars($ua); ?> </b>
        <ul>
            <li>ID: <?php echo $requestingDevice->id; ?> </li>
            <li>Brand Name: <?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('brand_name'); ?> </li>
            <li>Model Name: <?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('model_name'); ?> </li>
            <li>Marketing Name: <?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('marketing_name'); ?> </li>
            <li>Preferred Markup: <?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('preferred_markup'); ?> </li>
            <li>Resolution Width: <?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('resolution_width'); ?> </li>
            <li>Resolution Height: <?php echo $requestingDevice->getCapability('resolution_height'); ?> </li>
        </ul>
        <p><b>Query WURFL by providing the user agent:</b></p>
        <form method="get" action="index.php">
            <div>User Agent: <input type="text" name="ua" size="100" value="<?php echo isset($_GET['ua'])? htmlspecialchars($_GET['ua']): ''; ?>" />
            <input type="submit" /></div>
        </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

If you want to customize this code, change configuration parameters inside a wurfl_config_standard.php file.

Modernizr - Server -

Modernizr is a great way to find out about your user's browser capabilities. However, you can only access its API on the browser itself, which means you can't easily benefit from knowing about browser capabilities in your server logic. The modernizr-server library is a way to bring Modernizr browser data to your server scripting environment.

Good :

Like WURFL very detailed detection, but we need to take into consideration that it is build with a different purpose the WURFL.

Bad :

Only supported on PHP, but sometimes this will be enough.

Example :

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>Modernizr Server Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
    include('modernizr-server.php');

    print 'The server knows:';
    foreach($modernizr as $feature=>$value) {
        print "<br/> $feature: "; print_r($value);
    }
?>
</body>
</html>

• It can be found here: https://github.com/jamesgpearce/modernizr-server

Client side:

Modernizer -

aking advantage of cool new web technologies is great fun, until you have to support browsers that lag behind. Modernizr makes it easy for you to write conditional JavaScript and CSS to handle each situation, whether a browser supports a feature or not. It’s perfect for doing progressive enhancement easily.

Good :

Only client side, server side component don't exist

Fast but still large for a javascript framework with its 12kb. Because of its modularity it can become smaller, depending on your needs.

Bad :

Can do only so much, less info then server side detection.

Modernizr itself is a great way to find out about your user’s browser capabilities. However, you can only access its API on the browser itself, which means you can’t easily benefit from knowing about browser capabilities in your server logic.

• It can be found here: http://modernizr.com/

Example :

    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head>
      <meta charset="utf-8">
      <title>Modernizr Example</title>
      <script src="modernizr.min.js"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
      <script>
        if (Modernizr.canvas) {
          // supported
        } else {
          // no native canvas support available :(
        }  
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>

JavaScript based browser sniffing

It is arguable that this may be (academically) the worst possible way to detect mobile but it does have its virtues.

Good :

Simple

Bad :

Where to begin

Example :

<script type="text/javascript">     
    var agent = navigator.userAgent;      
    var isWebkit = (agent.indexOf("AppleWebKit") > 0);      
    var isIPad = (agent.indexOf("iPad") > 0);      
    var isIOS = (agent.indexOf("iPhone") > 0 || agent.indexOf("iPod") > 0);     
    var isAndroid = (agent.indexOf("Android")  > 0);     
    var isNewBlackBerry = (agent.indexOf("AppleWebKit") > 0 && agent.indexOf("BlackBerry") > 0);     
    var isWebOS = (agent.indexOf("webOS") > 0);      
    var isWindowsMobile = (agent.indexOf("IEMobile") > 0);     
    var isSmallScreen = (screen.width < 767 || (isAndroid && screen.width < 1000));     
    var isUnknownMobile = (isWebkit && isSmallScreen);     
    var isMobile = (isIOS || isAndroid || isNewBlackBerry || isWebOS || isWindowsMobile || isUnknownMobile);     
    var isTablet = (isIPad || (isMobile && !isSmallScreen));     

    if ( isMobile && isSmallScreen && document.cookie.indexOf( "mobileFullSiteClicked=") < 0 ) mobileRedirect(); 
</script>

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