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- 操作系統:Windows 10，64 位
- Python 版本:3.6 或更高版本
- Python 編譯器:Nuitka，開發版本 0.5.30rc5
- MSVC 編譯器:Visual Studio 2017 社區，vcvars64.bat
我將首先解釋如何構建我的可執行文件.假設我有一個文件夾，里面有一個我想要構建的簡單 python 腳本:
I'll first explain how I build my executable. Suppose I have a folder with a simple python script that I want to build:
buildscript.py 看起來像這樣:
#####################################################
# NUITKA BUILD SCRIPT #
#####################################################
# Author: Matic Kukovec
# Date: April 2018
import os
import platform
NUITKA = "C:/Python36/Scripts/nuitka3-script.py" # Path where my nuitka3-script.py is
CWD = os.getcwd().replace("\", "/")
MSVC = "C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/Community/VC/Auxiliary/Build/vcvars64.bat"
PYTHON_VERSION = "3.6"
PYTHON_EXE_PATH= "C:/Python36/python.exe"
NUMBER_OF_CORES_FOR_COMPILATION = 1 # 1 is the safest choice, but you can try more
# Generate command
command = '"{}" amd64 &'.format(MSVC)
command += "{} ".format(PYTHON_EXE_PATH)
command += "{} ".format(NUITKA)
command += "--python-version={} ".format(PYTHON_VERSION)
command += "--output-dir={}/output ".format(CWD)
command += "--verbose "
command += "--jobs={} ".format(NUMBER_OF_CORES_FOR_COMPILATION)
command += "--show-scons "
# command += "--windows-disable-console "
# command += "--icon={}/myicon.ico ".format(CWD)
command += "--standalone "
# command += "--run "
command += "{}/cubeimporter.py ".format(CWD)
os.system(command)
print("END")
構建完成后，文件夾如下所示(見下圖).如您所見，可執行文件旁邊還有許多其他文件.我可以看到 .dll 和 .pyd 文件.
After the build finishes, the folder looks like this (see picture below). As you can see, there are plenty of other files sitting next to the executable. I can see .dll and .pyd files.
我希望我可以只構建一個獨立的可執行文件.不需要 dll 或其他文件.當我將可執行文件放在拇指驅動器上并將其粘貼到另一臺計算機(運行 Windows 10、64 位)時，它應該可以正常工作.即使那臺計算機上沒有安裝 Python.
I wish I could build just a standalone executable. No dll- or other files needed. When I put the executable on a thumb drive and stick it into another computer (running Windows 10, 64-bit), it should just work. Even if there is no Python installed on that computer.
Nuitka 可以做到這一點嗎?
如果不是，是否可以使用另一個 Python 編譯器?
請一一提供所有需要的步驟:-)
Is this possible with Nuitka?
If no, is it possible with another Python compiler?
Please provide all the steps needed, one-by-one :-)
推薦答案
單個可執行文件比 Nuitka 更容易，例如PyInstaller:pyinstaller --onefile program.py(要禁用 GUI 應用程序的控制臺窗口，請添加 -w 選項.
Easier than Nuitka for a single executable is e.g. PyInstaller:
pyinstaller --onefile program.py (to disable the console window for GUI applications add the -w option).
要使用 Nuitka 創建單個可執行文件，您可以從生成的文件創建 SFX 存檔.您可以使用生成 program_dist 目錄的 --standalone 選項運行 Nuitka.
To create a single executable with Nuitka, you can create a SFX archive from the generated files. You can run Nuitka with the --standalone option which generates a program_dist directory.
然后創建一個 7-Zip SFX 配置文件 config.txt:<代碼>;!@Install@!UTF-8!GUIMode="2"ExecuteFile="%%T/program_dist/program.exe";!@InstallEnd@!
Create then a 7-Zip SFX config file config.txt:
;!@Install@!UTF-8!
GUIMode="2"
ExecuteFile="%%T/program_dist/program.exe"
;!@InstallEnd@!
然后從 https://github.com/chrislake/7zsfxmm 獲取 7-Zip SFX (從版本 - 7zsd_extra_171_3901.7z)并解壓 7zsd_All_x64.sfx 文件.
Then get the 7-Zip SFX from https://github.com/chrislake/7zsfxmm (from releases – 7zsd_extra_171_3901.7z) and unpack the 7zsd_All_x64.sfx file.
然后將 program_dist 與 7-Zip(因此該文件夾包含在存檔中)打包到 program.7z.然后，可以使用 copy/b 7zsd_All_x64.sfx + config.txt + program.7z single_executable.exe 創建 SFX.
Pack then the program_dist with 7-Zip (so the folder is included in the archive) to program.7z.
Then, an SFX can be created with copy /b 7zsd_All_x64.sfx + config.txt + program.7z single_executable.exe.
在 Unix 上，你也可以自己創建一個 SFX，如果你創建一個 tar 存檔并將它附加到一個 shell 腳本中，它會提取并解壓縮它，詳情請參閱 https://www.linuxjournal.com/node/1005818.
On Unix, you can also create yourself an SFX if you create a tar archive and append it to a shell script which extract it and unpack it, for details see https://www.linuxjournal.com/node/1005818.
這篇關于在 Windows 10 上使用 Nuitka 將 Python 3.6 腳本編譯為獨立 exe的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網！