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本文介紹了WebDriverException:消息:未知錯誤:Chrome 無法啟動:通過 VPS 上的 Python 使用 ChromeDriver Chrome 和 Selenium 異常退出的處理方法，對大家解決問題具有一定的參考價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學習吧！

問題描述

所以我和這些帖子有完全相同的錯誤

So I have the exact same error as these posts

Selenium 'Chrome 啟動失敗:異常退出' 錯誤

未知錯誤:Chrome 啟動失敗:異常退出

我嘗試了他們推薦的方法，但沒有奏效.

I tried what they recommended and it didn't work.

這是我的代碼

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
display.start()

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
options.add_argument('--disable-extensions')
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')

driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
driver.get('http://nytimes.com')
print(driver.title)

driver.close()

這是完整的錯誤信息

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "seleniumtest.py", line 13, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=options)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 81, in __init__
    desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.30.477691 (6ee44a7247c639c0703f291d320bdf05c1531b57),platform=Linux 4.15.0-42-generic x86_64)

我到底做錯了什么?我在 digitalocean 上的 ubuntu VPS 上運行它.

What the devil am I doing wrong? I'm running this on an ubuntu VPS on digitalocean.

推薦答案

這個錯誤信息...

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.30.477691 (6ee44a7247c639c0703f291d320bdf05c1531b57),platform=Linux 4.15.0-42-generic x86_64)

...暗示 ChromeDriver 無法啟動/生成新的 WebBrowser 即 Chrome 瀏覽器 會話.

...implies that the ChromeDriver was unable to initiate/spawn a new WebBrowser i.e. Chrome Browser session.

下面將討論兩個不兼容問題.

Headless Chrome 首次由 Google 團隊 發布為 GA(一般可用性) 時，文章 Headless Chrome 入門提到:

When Headless Chrome was first released as GA (General Availability) by Google Team the article Getting Started with Headless Chrome mentioned that :

--disable-gpu                 # Temporarily needed if running on Windows.

一個注釋被添加為:

現在，如果您在 Windows 上運行，您還需要包含 --disable-gpu 標志.

Right now, you'll also want to include the --disable-gpu flag if you're running on Windows.

根據討論 Headless:使 --disable-gpu 標志不必要很明顯:

--disable-gpu 標志在 Linux 或 Mac OSX 上不再需要.一旦錯誤 SwiftShader 在無頭模式下的 Windows 已修復.現在，由于這個問題被標記為 fixed，參數 --disable-gpu 現在應該是多余的了.

The --disable-gpu flag is no longer necessary on Linux or Mac OSX. It will also become unnecessary on Windows as soon as the bug SwiftShader fails an assert on Windows in headless mode is fixed. Now as this issue is marked fixed the argument --disable-gpu should be redundant now.

注意:您可以在錯誤:gpu_process_transport_factory.cc(1007)-丟失 UI 共享上下文:在 Headless 模式下通過 ChromeDriver 初始化 Chrome 瀏覽器時

但是，您的主要問題是您使用的二進制文件版本之間的不兼容，如下所示:

However, your main issue is the incompatibility between the version of the binaries you are using as follows:

您正在使用 chromedriver=2.30
chromedriver=2.30 的發布說明明確提到以下內容:

支持 Chrome v58-60

我們不知道您的 chrome 版本.假設您使用的是最新的 Chrome 版本之一:
- Chrome 版本 71
- Chrome 版本 72
- Chrome 版本 73

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WebDriverException:消息:未知錯誤:Chrome 無法啟動:通過

問題描述

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