問題描述
我希望每個屏幕都有一個單獨的 .py 和 .kv 文件.在 main.py/main.kv 中的 ScreenManager 上應該選擇屏幕.設計應從文件 screen_X.kv 加載，類等應從文件 screen_X.py 加載.
I want to have a seperate .py and .kv file for each sreen. Over the ScreenManager in main.py/main.kv the screen should be selected. The design should be loaded from the file screen_X.kv and the classes etc. should be loaded from the file screen_X.py.
屏幕:
- 屏幕 1
- 屏幕 2
- 屏幕 3
文件:
- (main.py)
- (showcase.kv)
- screen_1.py
- screen_1.kv
- screen_2.py
- screen_2.kv
- screen_3.py
- screen_3.kv
這使得程序可以很容易地擴展.我怎樣才能做到這一點?
This makes the program can be easily extended. How can I achieve this?
使用此代碼，我已經分離了 .kv 文件.但我還需要單獨的 .py 文件.
With this code I have seperated .kv files. But I need also separated .py files.
main.py
from time import time
from kivy.app import App
from os.path import dirname, join
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.properties import NumericProperty, BooleanProperty, ListProperty
from kivy.clock import Clock
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import Screen
class ShowcaseScreen(Screen):
fullscreen = BooleanProperty(False)
def add_widget(self, *args):
if 'content' in self.ids:
return self.ids.content.add_widget(*args)
return super(ShowcaseScreen, self).add_widget(*args)
class ShowcaseApp(App):
time = NumericProperty(0)
screen_names = ListProperty([])
bool_menu = BooleanProperty(False)
def build(self):
self.title = 'hello world'
Clock.schedule_interval(self._update_clock, 1 / 60.)
self.available_screens = [
'Buttons', 'CheckBoxes', 'ProgressBar', 'Switches', 'ToggleButton',
]
self.screen_names = self.available_screens
curdir = dirname(__file__)
self.available_screens = [join(curdir, 'data', 'screens', '{}.kv'.format(fn)) for fn in self.available_screens]
self.menu_screen = join(curdir, 'data', 'screens', '{}.kv'.format('Menu'))
self.go_menu()
def go_screen(self, idx):
screen = Builder.load_file(self.available_screens[idx])
self.root.ids.sm.switch_to(screen, direction='left')
def go_menu(self):
if not self.bool_menu:
screen = Builder.load_file(self.menu_screen)
self.root.ids.sm.switch_to(screen, direction='right')
def _update_clock(self, dt):
self.time = time()
if __name__ == '__main__':
ShowcaseApp().run()
showcase.kv
showcase.kv
#:kivy 1.8.0
#:import KivyLexer kivy.extras.highlight.KivyLexer
#:import Factory kivy.factory.Factory
<ActionSpinnerOptions@SpinnerOption>
background_color: .4, .4, .4, 1
<ActionSpinner@Spinner+ActionItem>
canvas.before:
Color:
rgba: 0.128, 0.128, 0.128, 1
Rectangle:
size: self.size
pos: self.pos
border: 27, 20, 12, 12
background_normal: 'atlas://data/images/defaulttheme/action_group'
option_cls: Factory.ActionSpinnerOptions
<ActionDropdown>:
on_size: self.width = '220dp'
<ShowcaseScreen>:
ScrollView:
do_scroll_x: False
do_scroll_y: False if root.fullscreen else (content.height > root.height - dp(16))
AnchorLayout:
size_hint_y: None
height: root.height if root.fullscreen else max(root.height, content.height)
GridLayout:
id: content
cols: 1
spacing: '8dp'
padding: '8dp'
size_hint: (1, 1) if root.fullscreen else (.8, None)
height: self.height if root.fullscreen else self.minimum_height
BoxLayout:
orientation: 'vertical'
canvas.before:
Color:
rgb: .6, .6, .6
Rectangle:
size: self.size
source: 'data/background.png'
ActionBar:
ActionView:
id: av
ActionPrevious:
with_previous: (False if app.bool_menu == True else True) if not app.bool_menu else False
title: 'Menu'
on_release: app.go_menu()
ActionSpinner:
id: spnr
important: True
text: 'Select Program'
values: app.screen_names
on_text:
if (spnr.text != 'Select Program') and (sm.current != args[1]):
idx = app.screen_names.index(args[1]);
app.go_screen(idx)
ScreenManager:
id: sm
on_current_screen:
screen_name = args[1].name
spnr.text = 'Select Program' if screen_name == 'Menu' else screen_name
if screen_name == 'Menu': app.bool_menu = True
else: app.bool_menu = False
推薦答案
首先，你沒有提到你是否知道如何按通常的方式設置不同的屏幕，我不確定我在上面的代碼.如果您不這樣做，這里有一個相當簡單的教程來創建一個簡單的多屏幕設置.
First of all, you haven't mentioned whether you know how to set up different screens the usual way, and I'm not sure that I see it in the code above. In case you don't, there is a fairly simple tutorial here on creating a simple multi-screen setup.
每個屏幕都是繼承自 Screen 的類，只需在單獨的 .py 文件中定義這些屏幕類，然后將它們導入到您的 main.py 文件中，這并不是一件難事.我以前做過.例如，我有我的 main.py(你需要它)，我在一個名為game_screen.py"的 py 文件中定義了我所有的各種屏幕，并從那里簡單地導入.
Each screen being a class that inherits from Screen, it isn't a difficult thing to just define those screen classes in seperate .py files and then import them into your main.py file. I have done this before. For instance, I had my main.py(which you need), and I had all my various screens defined in a py file called 'game_screen.py', and simply imported from there.
我自己并沒有看到過多使用多個 kv 文件，但我知道您可以使用與下面類似的代碼將 kv 規則添加到您的主(默認)kv 文件規則中.盡管我相信這些規則必須在它們生效的小部件之前加載才能正常工作.
I haven't seen much use of multiple kv files myself, but I know you can add kv rules to your main(default) kv files rules using similar code to the below. Though these rules, I believe, must be loaded before the widgets they will effect in order to work correctly.
from kivy.lang import Builder
Builder.load_file('screen1.kv')
Builder.load_file('screen2.kv')
Builder.load_file('screen3.kv')
因此，通過將您的屏幕類導入您的 main.py 并使用上述添加 kv 文件的方法，您可能會實現您的要求......然后決定這是否是一個好方法.
So by importing your screen classes to your main.py and using the above method of adding kv files, you could probably achieve what you are asking for.. and then decide if that's a good way to go.
這篇關于如何為每個屏幕添加一個自己的 .py 和 .kv 文件?的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網！