問題描述

我必須自動化一個 web 應用程序，其中包含一個拖放區域，用于從本地文件系統上傳文件.我的測試環境是使用 Python 開發的.對于自動化測試，我使用了 Selenium，但是一旦上傳區域是 div 標簽(沒有輸入標簽 - 我知道這樣會很容易)，就無法從文件系統中拖動文件.

I have to automate a web-application, which contains a drag and drop area for uploading files from the local file system. My test environment is developed using Python. For the automation tests I have used Selenium, but it is not possible to drag files from the file system, once the upload area is a div tag (No input tag - this way I know it would be easy).

我閱讀了很多不同的文章，但目前沒有一篇文章對我有用.需要強調的是，我對使用 AutoIT 不感興趣，只對帶有 selenium 的原生 python 感興趣.

I read a lot of different articles, but by the moment none worked for me. It's important to highlight that I'm not interested in using AutoIT, only native python with selenium.

我找到了這個 Selenium:拖放從文件系統刪除到 webdriver? 看起來很有希望，但是我不知道要適應 Python.

I found this Selenium: Drag and Drop from file system to webdriver? what looks really promising, however I do not know to adapt to Python.

非常感謝您！

推薦答案

這是通過腳本輸入注入的python版本.

Here's the python version of the trick with input injection via script.

JS_DROP_FILE = """
    var target = arguments[0],
        offsetX = arguments[1],
        offsetY = arguments[2],
        document = target.ownerDocument || document,
        window = document.defaultView || window;

    var input = document.createElement('INPUT');
    input.type = 'file';
    input.onchange = function () {
      var rect = target.getBoundingClientRect(),
          x = rect.left + (offsetX || (rect.width >> 1)),
          y = rect.top + (offsetY || (rect.height >> 1)),
          dataTransfer = { files: this.files };

      ['dragenter', 'dragover', 'drop'].forEach(function (name) {
        var evt = document.createEvent('MouseEvent');
        evt.initMouseEvent(name, !0, !0, window, 0, 0, 0, x, y, !1, !1, !1, !1, 0, null);
        evt.dataTransfer = dataTransfer;
        target.dispatchEvent(evt);
      });

      setTimeout(function () { document.body.removeChild(input); }, 25);
    };
    document.body.appendChild(input);
    return input;
"""

def drag_and_drop_file(drop_target, path):
    driver = drop_target.parent
    file_input = driver.execute_script(JS_DROP_FILE, drop_target, 0, 0)
    file_input.send_keys(path)

作為 drop_target 傳遞頁面上可見的一些元素.

As drop_target pass it some element visible on the page.

方法是使用 selenium 的 execute_script 函數調用 javascript 來模擬拖放事件.代碼如下:

The approach is to invoke a javascript using selenium's execute_script function to emulate drag and drop events. The code works as following:

1. selenium 調用 javascript 代碼
2. javascript 創建輸入元素并將其附加到 DOM
3. javascript 將處理程序附加到輸入，該處理程序模擬用戶實際放置文件時發生的鼠標事件，即 dragenter、dragover、drop.
4. selenium 使用文件路徑更新輸入.此時，第 2 步中的處理程序被調用并模擬拖放事件.

這篇關于帶有 Selenium 的 Python:從文件系統拖放到 webdriver?的文章就介紹到這了，希望我們推薦的答案對大家有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持html5模板網！