本文介紹了如何在 asp.net core 2.2 中實現(xiàn) Cookie 基本身份驗證和 jwt?的處理方法，對大家解決問題具有一定的參考價值，需要的朋友們下面隨著小編來一起學習吧！
問題描述
限時送ChatGPT賬號..
我想在我的程序中同時使用基于 cookie 的身份驗證和 jwt，使用身份驗證用戶通過登錄和 JWT 訪問 mvc 控制器來訪問 WebApi 資源.
I want to use both cookie based authentication and jwt in my program, used authentication user to access mvc controller with login and JWT to access WebApi resource.
我嘗試使用其中兩個 首先，我的客戶端可以使用用戶名和密碼登錄并使用 cookie 進行身份驗證.使用帶有令牌承載的 WebApi 的應用程序的第二次訪問資源，但出現(xiàn)錯誤！
I tried using two of them First, my client can login and authenticate with the cookie using username and password. Second access resource from Application with WebApi with Token Bearer but I get an error!
在我的 startup.cs 文件中，我有:
In my startup.cs file I have:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
{
options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = SameSiteMode.None;
options.ConsentCookie.Name = "Cookie";
});
services.ConfigureApplicationCookie(options =>
{
options.Cookie.Name = "Cookie";
options.ClaimsIssuer = Configuration["Authentication:ClaimsIssuer"];
});
services.AddAntiforgery(options => options.HeaderName = "X-XSRF-TOKEN");
services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>()
.AddDefaultUI(UIFramework.Bootstrap4)
.AddDefaultTokenProviders();
services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options =>
{
// Password settings.
options.Password.RequireDigit = true;
options.Password.RequireLowercase = true;
options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;
options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;
options.Password.RequiredLength = 5;
options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 1;
// Lockout settings.
options.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5);
options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 5;
options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = true;
// User settings.
options.User.AllowedUserNameCharacters =
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-._@+";
options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false;
//Token
});
services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
})
.AddCookie(options =>
{
options.Cookie.Name = "Cookie";
options.ClaimsIssuer = Configuration["Authentication:ClaimsIssuer"];
})
.AddMicrosoftAccount(microsoftOptions =>
{
microsoftOptions.ClientId = Configuration["Authentication:Microsoft:ApplicationId"];
microsoftOptions.ClientSecret = Configuration["Authentication:Microsoft:Password"];
})
.AddGoogle(googleOptions =>
{
googleOptions.ClientId = "XXXXXXXXXXX.apps.googleusercontent.com";
googleOptions.ClientSecret = "g4GZ2#...GD5Gg1x";
googleOptions.Scope.Add("https://www.googleapis.com/auth/plus.login");
googleOptions.ClaimActions.MapJsonKey(ClaimTypes.Gender, "gender");
googleOptions.SaveTokens = true;
googleOptions.Events.OnCreatingTicket = ctx =>
{
List<AuthenticationToken> tokens = ctx.Properties.GetTokens()
as List<AuthenticationToken>;
tokens.Add(new AuthenticationToken()
{
Name = "TicketCreated",
Value = DateTime.UtcNow.ToString()
});
ctx.Properties.StoreTokens(tokens);
return Task.CompletedTask;
};
})
.AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
options.ClaimsIssuer = Configuration["Authentication:ClaimsIssuer"];
options.SaveToken = true;
options.Authority = Configuration["Authentication:Authority"];
options.Audience = Configuration["Authentication:Audience"];
options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
{
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
ValidateIssuer = true,
ValidIssuer = Configuration["Authentication:ValidIssuer"],
ValidateAudience = true,
ValidAudience = Configuration["Authentication:ValidAudience"],
ValidateLifetime = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["Authentication:SecurityKey"]))
};
});
services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
services.AddSession();
services.AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(Configuration);
}
我在這個控制器中得到了一個令牌:
And I got a token in this controller:
[AllowAnonymous]
[HttpPost]
public async Task<IActionResult> GetToken(TokenLoginModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid) return BadRequest("Token failed to generate");
var user = await _usermanager.FindByNameAsync(model.UserName);
//var user = true;// (model.Password == "password" && model.Username == "username");
if (user != null && await _usermanager.CheckPasswordAsync(user, model.Password))
{
var claims = new[]{
new Claim("ClaimsIssuer", _configuration.GetSection("Authentication:ClaimsIssuer").Value),
new Claim(Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens.JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Sub,user.UserName),
new Claim(Microsoft.IdentityModel.JsonWebTokens.JwtRegisteredClaimNames.Jti,Guid.NewGuid().ToString())
};
string SecurKey = Startup.StaticConfig.GetSection("Authentication:SecurityKey").Value;
var signingKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(SecurKey));
var token = new JwtSecurityToken(
issuer: _configuration.GetSection("Authentication:ValidIssuer").Value,
audience: _configuration.GetSection("Authentication:Audience").Value,
expires: DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(30),
claims: claims,
signingCredentials: new Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens.SigningCredentials(signingKey, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256)
);
return Ok(new
{
token = new JwtSecurityTokenHandler().WriteToken(token),
expiration = token.ValidTo
});
}
return Unauthorized();
}
我實現(xiàn)了創(chuàng)建令牌的控制，但是當我嘗試使用它進行授權(quán)時，我得到了這個錯誤:
I implement control that creates token, but when I tried authorizing with that I get this error:
An unhandled exception occurred while processing the request.
HttpRequestException: Response status code does not indicate success: 404 (Not Found).
System.Net.Http.HttpResponseMessage.EnsureSuccessStatusCode()
IOException: IDX20804: Unable to retrieve document from: 'https://localhost:44383/oauth2/default/.well-known/openid-configuration'.
Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.HttpDocumentRetriever.GetDocumentAsync(string address, CancellationToken cancel)
InvalidOperationException: IDX20803: Unable to obtain configuration from: 'https://localhost:44383/oauth2/default/.well-known/openid-configuration'.
Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.ConfigurationManager<T>.GetConfigurationAsync(CancellationToken cancel)
推薦答案
為了增加對 JWT 的支持，我們添加了 AddCookie 和 AddJwtBearer.讓網(wǎng)站需要標頭中的令牌會讓人頭疼，尤其是對于不是純粹的 SPA 或 API 的項目.所以我真正想要的是同時支持 Cookie 和 JWT.
In order to add support for JWT, we added the AddCookie and AddJwtBearer. Having websites require the token in the header would be a headache, especially for projects that aren’t purely SPA or API. So what I really wanted was support for both Cookies and JWTs.
在 startup.cs 你有:
In startup.cs you have:
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddDbContext<DualAuthContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<DualAuthContext>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders();
// Enable Dual Authentication
services.AddAuthentication()
.AddCookie(cfg => cfg.SlidingExpiration = true)
.AddJwtBearer(cfg =>
{
cfg.RequireHttpsMetadata = false;
cfg.SaveToken = true;
cfg.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters()
{
ValidIssuer = Configuration["Tokens:Issuer"],
ValidAudience = Configuration["Tokens:Issuer"],
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Configuration["Tokens:Key"]))
};
});
// Add application services.
services.AddTransient<IEmailSender, EmailSender>();
services.AddMvc();
}
在配置方法中:
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, DataSeeder seeder)
{
...
app.UseAuthentication();
}
在您的控制器中使用 JWT 之后，您應該將 JWT Bearer AuthenticationSchemes 添加到 Authorize 屬性，如下所示:
After this in your controller that one you have used JWT, You should add JWT Bearer AuthenticationSchemes to Authorize attribute like this :
[Authorize(AuthenticationSchemes = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)]
[Route("/api/customers")]
public class ProtectedController : Controller
{
public ProtectedController()
{
}
public IActionResult Get()
{
return Ok(new[] { "One", "Two", "Three" });
}
}
參考:ASP.NET 中的兩個 AuthorizationSchemes核心2
使用起來非常簡單實用.
It's very simple and helpful to used.
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